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Top 5 World's Dams

- - Unknown

dam construction is built to withstand the rate of water into reservoirs, lakes, or recreation. Often dams are also used to bring water to a hydropower. Most of the dam also has a section called the floodgates to dispose of unwanted water in stages or continuous.
Dam (dam) and weir (weir) is actually a different structure.
Weir (weir) is headed lower dam structure (lowhead dam), which serves to raise the water level, usually found in the river. River water surface is raised will melimpas through peak / summit weir (overflow).

Can be used as a measure of the speed of the water flow in the canal / river and could also be a driving force in the traditional pengilingan European countries. In a country with a fairly large river and torrential flow, a series of dams can be operated form a water transport system. In Indonesia, the dam can be used for irrigation for example, when the river water level is lower than the face of the land that would diairi.Nah tinggi2 that there are 5 dams in the world are:
I started from the lowest

5. 
dam Mica in Kanada (242m)
http://ncwpics.com/ncw/wp-content/gallery/misc/revelstokedam.jpg
http://img.freebase.com/api/trans/image_thumb/wikipedia/images/en_id/7721243?maxheight=510&mode=fit&maxwidth=510

4. 
dam Vajont in Italia (262m)
http://images.cdn.fotopedia.com/flickr-3660127673-image.jpg
http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3105/2502186539_6e04e297f6.jpg

3. 
dam Inguri in Rusia (272m)
http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/51/125351-004-5712733A.jpg
http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1050/1431754171_ad726bde73.jpg

2. 
dam Grande Dixence in Swiss (284m)
http://www.childsrights.org/html/images/20ans/grande_dixence.jpg


1. 
dam Nurek in Rusia (317m)
http://friejose.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/nurek-equipment.jpg 
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Sejarah Tersembunyi Para Pemimpin Di Dunia

- - Unknown

1. Kubilai Khan

Of course you are all familiar with the Kublai Khan. Yup, the Mongol emperor who was very cruel and expansive side proved to have a very high tolerance. Believe it not, Kublai Khan was the first world leader figures stating that the great days of Buddhism, Christianity, Judaism, and Islam serve as an official state holiday. Just so you know, Kublai Khan was the grandson of Genghis Khan was legendary in power stretching from the borders of Europe, the Middle East, nearly all of East Asia in the 13th century. In other words, official state holiday of each major religion in the world today is indeed possible to be done by Kublai Khan because of the breadth of his domain.

2. Galileo Galilei


He was less fortunate people during his life. Even after death though, Galileo still having trouble. After scientific insights about the solar system to make himself dealing with the church, his death was troubled. At his death in 1642, his body was not immediately buried, but still kept until the year 1737, about almost a century. Not just only that, before it was buried in the Church of Santa Croce, Florence, Italy, a noble heart to cut off three fingers of Galileo as a memento. Two of the fingers was then owned by an Italian doctor, and three-finger middle finger-piece is currently at the Museum of History of Science in Florence, Italy, on display pointing to the sky on top of a marble column.

3. Abraham Lincoln


Who is he? In 1831 he went bankrupt in the business. In 1832 he suffered a defeat in local elections. In 1833 he re-broke (too sad huh ..). In 1835 his wife died. In 1836 he suffered severe mental distress and almost entered a mental hospital. In 1837, he lost in a speech contest. In 1840, he failed in the U.S. Senate election. In 1842, he suffered a defeat to sit in the U.S. Congress. In 1848 he lost again in Congress. In 1855, once again failed in the Senate. In 1856 he lost the election for the vice presidential seat. In 1858 he lost again in the Senate. In 1860 he eventually became president of the United States. Who is he? He is Abraham Lincoln. The point is to never give up with a variety of failures that have been experienced, even any heavy ordeal. Try and try again!

4. Johannes Brahms


If anyone says that one who deals in art has a smooth feeling, then try to read the facts. Johannes Brahms (1833-1897), the great German composer, is one of the most hated animals. At the time relaxing or are looking for inspiration, composers often went to the attic and preparing bows and arrows. There almost every time he was shooting at his neighbor's cats. These bad habits continue to do until the rest of his life!

5. Napoleon Bonaparte


Napoleon Bonaparte, while fighting in the Middle East in 1799 intends to release a successful 1200 Turkish troops captured the French, when France captured Jaffa. At that time Napoleon was stricken with influenza. When inspecting the troops, Napoleon severe coughing until he told Ma sacre toux (damn cough). Officers escort Napoleon felt the general said Massacrez Tous (Kill all). As a result, the entire 1200 Turkish prisoners were killed. Just because the general cough and ear officer error!

6. Wilhelm Steinitz


In his prime, Wilhelm Steinitz was one of the most brilliant chess player in the world. But as you get older, it slowly plagued by insanity, and often felt that he could call someone without using the phone, or playing chess without the pieces touching. The highlight of the madness happens when Steinitz announced to the public that he wanted to challenge God to play chess. Worse yet, it offers fur a pawn in this game!
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Coldest Cities in the World

- - Unknown


Maybe some travelers expect cool places to vacation. The reasons vary, some say want to ski, not to skin sunburn, or anyone wants to intentionally "freeze" themselves of all work activities. If you are the type of traveler, the following cities is right for you ...

1. Yakutsk, Russia

 
Yakutsk, located in northern Siberia. City record holder is the coldest city in the world. Normally the temperature here about minus 45.9 ° C (-51 ° F) and at its peak could reach -71.2 ° C (-96.2 ° F). You can only reach this city in the summer a ferry to cross the river of Lena Lena Highway. In any other season this river would freeze.

2. Oymyakon, Russia

 
Still in northern Siberia, in the town of Oymyakon is the average temperature of minus 41.2 ° C (-42.0 ° F) and can reach -65.4 ° C (-86 ° F). But in the summer the temperature can rise to normal around 22.2 ° C (72.0 ° F) so it is quite friendly.

3. Verkhoyansk, Russia

 
The city is the third-smallest town in Russia and inhabited by approximately 1400 head. Who is welcome to stay here? Normal temperatures in the minus 40 ° C (-40 ° F) and a peak to -69.8 ° C (-93.6 ° F). But here is an interesting place if you want to visit region of frozen snow.

4. Barrow, Alaska, USA
 

Alaska is known as the coldest state in the United States because of its location close to the northern Antarctic Circle. Among the cities in this state, Barrow is the coldest. The average temperature is minus 20.1 ° C (-29.0 ° F) but at other times can be cold tightened at -53.0 ° C (-47.0 ° F). In this city you can see the beautiful Aurora phenomenon.

Cold temperatures tightened as above can cause numbness in a few days can cause sudden death if you do not use clothing and other appropriate support. One more if want to open a business here do occasionally selling ice mix. Not be sold.
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5 Cities in the World horrible

- - Unknown

1. KOLMANSKOP (Namibia) : Buried in the Sand
Kolmanskop is a ghost town in southern Namibia, a few kilometers from the port of Luderitz. In the 1908 Luderitz diamond fever, and people then go to the Namib desert to get rich easily. In the past two years created a magnificent city with all the infrastructure, such as casinos, schools, hospitals, also with an exclusive residential buildings that stood on the land that was once a barren desert.
http://www.stock-photography.co.za/stock%20photography/kolmanskop-74-s-40.jpg
But after the first world war, buying and selling diamonds to a standstill, it is the beginning of the end of everything. Throughout the 1950s the city began to be abandoned, the sand began to reclaim what is theirs. Solid metal board collapsed, pretty gardens and tidy streets were buried under the sand, windows and doors bergeretak on each hinge, window panes split widened as shown destruction in the towering sand.

A new ghost town had been born, is still visible pair banguna standing, there is also the building as a theater is still in very good condition, and the remaining houses were destroyed and crushed sand into a row of houses a scary ghost.


2. PRIPYAT (Ukraina): 
The house Chernobyl workers

Prypiat is a major city in remote areas of northern Ukraine, a residential area of ​​the Chernobyl nuclear power plant workers. This area is dead since the Chernobyl nuclear disaster that claimed nearly 50,000. After the incident, the location is convenient as a museum, a part of Soviet history. Apartment buildings (four are buildings that have not been occupied), swimming pools, hospitals, and many other buildings were destroyed. And all content contained in these buildings left in it, such as archives, TV, toys, furniture, valuables, clothing and other property all like most families in general.
The image “http://blog.kievukraine.info/uploaded_images/734-760092.jpg” cannot be displayed, because it contains errors.
Residents may only take important documents, books and clothes that are not contaminated by nuclear. However, since the 21st century, there is no longer any valuables left behind, even the seating dikamar kecilpun taken by looters, many of the buildings that it robbed from year to year. The building is no longer maintained, with a leaking roof, and the interior of the building flooded in the rainy season, making the city truly become a ghost town. We could see the trees growing on the roof, a tree that grows in the home.


3. CRACO (Italy): Charming medieval town

Craco located Basilicata region and the province of Matera, about 25 miles from the Gulf of Taranto. This medieval town has a typical area filled with undulating hills and farms of wheat and other crops. Year 1060 when Craco land owned by the bishop of the diocese leader Arnaldo Tricarico. Longstanding relationship with the church that much influence to the entire population. In 1891 Craco population of more than 2000 people, the time they hit a lot of social problems and poverty that many make them desperate, between the years 1892 and 1922 about 1300 people move to North America. Poor agricultural conditions coupled with natural disasters earthquakes, landslides, and war is what caused them to migrate en masse.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Craco0001.jpg/300px-Craco0001.jpg
Between 1959 and 1972 Craco again rocked by earthquakes and landslides. In 1963 the remaining population of about 1300 people eventually moved to a valley near Craco Peschiera, and until now the original Craco still left in ruins and decay leaving remnants of its population.
 

4. ORADOUR-SUR-GLANCE (France): the horror of WWII

Small village of Oradour Sul Glane in France showed a very terrible state conditions. During World War II, 642 residents were massacred by German soldiers as a form of retaliation for the French treatment time. Germany who was actually intending to attack the region near Sul Glane Oradour but eventually they attacked the small settlement on June 10, 1944.
http://www.francethisway.com/places/images/oradoursurglane.jpg
according to the testimony of those who survived, the male population is inserted into a warehouse and German soldiers opened fire on their feet so that eventually they die slowly. Women and children were entered into the church, eventually all the dead were shot as they tried to get out of the church. The village was completely destroyed the German army at that time. And to this day the ruins of the village is still standing, and witnessed how cruel events that occurred at that time.
 

5. GUNKANJIMA (Japan): the forbidden island

This island is one of the 505 uninhabited islands in the Nagasaki area Administratsi Japan, about 15 kilometers from Nagasaki. The island is also known as "Gunkan Jima" or the island of warships. In 1890 when a company (Mitsubishi) bought the island and began a project to get coal from the seabed around the island. In 1916 they were the first large concrete building on the island, an apartment block built for the workers and also serves to protect them from hurricanes.
http://www.fingel.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/hashima2.jpg
In 1959, the island's population swelled, overcrowding when it reached 835 people per hectare for the whole island (1391 per hectare for residential central area), the densest population ever in the whole world.
When kerosene replace coal in 1960, coal mines began closing, not least in Gunkan Jima, in 1974 Mitsubishi officially announced the closing of the mine, and finally emptied the island. In 2003 the island as a setting dimbil film "Battle Royal II" and inspired a popular game "Killer7".
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8 Great Discovery by Women

- - Unknown


At the end of the 20th century, only 10 percent of invention patents granted to women. Not that less intelligent than men, but it took dozens and perhaps hundreds of years until women can be equal in the eyes of men.

For example Sybilla Masters who lived in the 18th century when America was known for ages "wild-wild west". He innovate in the process of making corn flour. Findings to obtain patents registered at home to England in the year 1715. Ironic, because the future does not recognize intellectual property rights for women, then her husband, Thomas, who are entitled to the patent.

Then in 1809 Mary Dixon Kies became the first American woman who deserves a patent in his own name. He has developed a loom straw hat maker. Since then, women began to be accepted in the hegemony of men.

Calling list of findings initiated by women is now a great deal. We will see 10 lists are very useful in life.


1. Aramid or Kevlar

Aramaid or Kevlar is the material bullet-proof armor. The material was discovered in 1964 by Stephanie Kwolek, an American chemist, who worked as a researcher at DuPont company.

Aramid is an abbreviation of the word aromatic polyamide. Aramid has a structure strong, tough (tough), has a good damping properties (vibration damping), resistant to acids (acid) and bases (leach) and in addition it can withstand heat up to 370 ° C, so it is not flammable.

Because it is so, aramid is also used in aircraft, tanks, and aerospace (rocket). Products marketed known as Kevlar. Kevlar has a light weight, but 5 times stronger than steel.
2. Polonium and Radium

Marie Curie was a chemist and Polish-born French physicist who until now was the only person who had received the Nobel Prize in two different fields, the physics and chemistry.

Its discovery in the field of radioactive Marie Curie made ​​into the list of influential inventors to the world. Marie Curie was the first woman Nobel Prize winner and also the first woman to become a professor at the university, Universities of Paris.

Marie Curie's work and research to make the chemists and physicists understand how to collect sources containing radioactive material to cure diseases as well as for research purposes in the more radioactive substances.

3. Chocolate chip cookies

Chocolate chip cookies eaten the most delicious afternoon drinking tea. The inventor was Ruth Wakefield, professor of nutrition and food experts.

She and her husband moved to Boston and opened a business lodging. One day in 1930 he was preparing a meal for guests. Wakefield require melting chocolate recipe that is perfect, unfortunately he ran out of material. Finally he took the Nestle chocolate bars, crushed into small pieces and thrown into the oven. He hopes that the chocolate will melt. It turns out that chocolate is actually produced small clot. That's the history of the birth of chocolate chips.

4.  Mistake Out

Around the year 1951, Ms Graham became executive secretary of the frequent typing important documents. So no need to repeat typing documents every time there is a typo, it uses a potion he paints himself white. Apparently white paint plus a small brush, which he called Mistake Out was favored his friends as well. Eventually he established a factory Mistake Out.

5. COBOL

Rear Admiral Grace Murray Hooper joined the military in 1943 and was stationed at Harvard University, where he worked at IBM Harvard Mark I computer, the first large-scale computer in the United States.

In 1950, Admiral Hopper invented the compiler, which translates the command of human language (English) to the computer code. This device means that the programmer can make the code more easily and with fewer errors.

Compiler second setting was the Flow-Matic, is used to program UNIVAC I and II - the first generation of computers available for commercial purposes. Admiral Hopper also oversaw the development of the Common Business-Oriented Language (COBOL), one of the first computer programming language.

6. Colored Flare System

Colored Flare System (CFS) is a means of communication or as well as used emergency alert ships at night. Who knew that behind this great discovery of the hard work of a tough woman, Martha Coston.

In 1847 at the age of 21 he had a widow with four dependent children when her husband died. He did not know what to do, until one day, flipping through her ​​husband's records and found the design tool of communication for ships at night.

Coston and spent up to 10 years to revise and refine the design of her husband. He consulted with scientists and the military but have not found the right answer. Until finally one night when bringing children to see the fireworks, he got an idea that could be applied to the instrument makes.

Ironic, though he has been helping the military during the Civil War by spending 1.2 million CFS, instead he owes up to $ 120,000 and the U.S. Navy at the time did not want to pay just for stupid reasons: that a woman Coston.

7. Dishwasher

Josephine Cochrane in 1883 following the death of her husband inherited a large debt. In desperation his brain working hard to make a dishwasher (dishwasher). Finally in 1886 the machine was completed and got the patent.

Initially he had trouble selling the machine for homemade dishwasher needs hot water in order to function, while at that time not many households that have a hot water heater. Finally Cochrane focuses on hotels and great restaurants. Cochrane reason that the engine behavior, the dishwasher the hotel and restaurant businesses do not need to hire more employees just to work washing dishes.

8. Wiper

At the beginning of the 20th century, Mary Anderson's visit to New York. Conditions in the city of the 'Big Apple' when it just started crowded by car traffic although not so much.

During the tour, he rode the tram and always stop every few minutes because the driver had to wipe the snow on the windshield. Incidentally it was winter. Mary Anderson noticed this, it turns out all the drivers do the same thing.

When he returned to Alabama, designed a device that can be attached to the windshield. When the driver to clean the glass, he did not need to go down and pull the handle on the handle enough to clear the snow.

Mary Anderson received a patent in 1903, and 10 years later the cars in the United States are already using wiper creations.
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7 New Year's tradition is unique in many countries

- - Unknown


Variety celebration of the new year in countries with a tradition of each. Among other things, it could look like below.

1. fireball Viking (Scotlandia)


Every December 31, the festival takes place in Scotland's annual "Festival of Hogmanay". All adult males were so many participants, and they marched through the main streets holding torches.

As a result, balls of fire filled the air throughout the night Scotland cap year. This festival is a tradition passed down since the days of the Vikings dominate Scandinavia.

They believe the fire balls as a symbol of purification and hope in the return of the sun menyaput winter so fleeting.


2. Breaking Dishes at Home Neighbors (Denmark)


Residents of Denmark had another unique tradition, which broke a plate with a throw to the door of their neighbor's house. This tradition has spread throughout Denmark so there is no one to complain or scold the offender.

These beliefs in order to get good luck for a year. Hence, for most families solve a variety of items of crockery on the neighbor's door, they are most trustworthy prosper.

3. Speaking to the Spirit (Mexico)


Talking to spirits is a belief firmly attached to the Mexico, and New Year's Eve is believed to be the most appropriate time to communicate with the spirits of the dead as a way to get a specific message, or a hint of the future.

Finally, this tradition has become a business area yearly. For example, at the Taos Inn, an inn in New Mexico offers a ready to be a psychic link with the spirit world. One 15-minute session is priced 15 U.S. Dollars.


4. Mistletoe leaves Jodoh Wishers (Irlandia)


In Ireland, the leaves of mistletoe are often used by women who wanted to get to mate. Usually when New Year's Eve, the single girls put some mistletoe leaves under the pillow so that the 'Prince Charmings heart' can quickly come to apply them.

In addition, they also believe this habit to keep out of bad luck in the new year ahead.

Mistletoe leaf is a leaf that is often used as a decoration on the Christmas celebration. The tree is actually a parasitic plant of the order Santalales comprising Santalaceae family, Loranthaceae, and Misodendraceae.


5.Fuel scarecrow (Ekuador)


Almost similar to the tradition of Scots, in Equador also celebrate the new year with fire. However, in this Latin American country, fire is used to burn the scarecrow (Scarecrows) are usually made of a collection of newspaper and wooden planks.

Burning conducted at midnight, at "00:00" at the turn of the year, and performed almost in every home. They believe, with a burning scarecrow, then finished burning all the bad things during the past year.

Rice scarecrows are also believed to create fear of bad luck, so that the new year could bring good luck and happiness.



6. New Years in Funeral (Chile)


In Chile, there is precisely in Talca unique tradition every New Year. Residents of Talca celebrate the new year with their families of the dead. Therefore, each opening at 23.00 Mayor Talca Talca's main cemetery gate.

That's when people came to the accompaniment of classical music and the dim flickering lights to complement the event. This tradition contains the belief that the deceased had been waiting for her family and to start the new year with them.


7. Colorful Underwear (Brazil)


Actually, the celebration is not only true in Brazil, but also to Bolivia and Mexico. Latin Americans believe that wearing underwear (underwear) while colorful New Year's Eve will make good luck to them all year.

Typically used are light colors such as red or yellow. The red color symbolizes life full of love will continue to approach. While the color yellow for prosperity easier.

Well, it's New Year's celebration in Brazil and Latin America's most seductive surroundings, yes.



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Mobile-Mobile Extreme In The World

- - Unknown

10. Motorola Renegade V950 flip-phone

Mobile 'clamshell' design Motorola is arguably not so 'sweet', but quite slim and already tested standards and certified U.S. military 810F specifications ie, vibration and shock-resistant, dustproof, and anti-splash of water (rain). This phone is equipped with 3G, PTT (push to talk), 2 mp camera and bluetooth.

9. Samsung B2700 rugged phone

B2700 from Samsung is suitable for people who have extreme outdoor activities. Articles which are designed with anti concussion casing, shock, dust and moisture is equipped with 3G video call and pass the U.S. military standard IP54 specifications. In addition, the phone also features an altimeter and a 2 mp.

8. Motorola i335 rugged phone

Motorola i335 is a walkie-talkie phone with a design which usually, small but tough enough. The phone is designed with military standard specification with mostly clad casing materials like rubber that resistant to shock and dust, and are equipped with GPS. But it seems blum phone can talk a lot about water resistance.

7. Samsung M110 ‘Solid’

Samsung M110 is wrapped with a thick rubber cover which makes resilient and resistant to shocks, water splashes and dust. Unfortunately this is not followed kesolitan Mobile feature that qualified. Featurenya still very common, that is dualband, VGA camera, edge, and some fiture that class.

6. Land Rover S1 by Sonim

After removing the X3 series, the Sonim cooperation with land rover phone series and make it the cover wrapped with a protective casing which is made from Xenoy the material that is made from recycled plastic former. The phone is waterproof (water included), extreme heat and cold resistant, and shock-resistant and impact. Unfortunately ane lack of information about the features that appear on the phone.


5. G’zOne Type-S military-grade phone

G’zOne Type-S ini lebih kecil dan ramping dari G’zOne boulder, tapi dibekali ketangguhan yang kurang lebih sama dengan pendahulunya itu. Ponsel ini sudah bersertifikat standar militer US dengan spesifikasi 810F yang kurang lebih sama dengan Motorola renegade V950 di atas yaitu tahan percikan air (hujan), goncangan, dan lembab. Sayang feature yg disuguhkan masih biasa, yaitu kamera VGA dan sekelasnya.

4. Motorola i560 rugged phone

Motorola i560 is certified military standards to withstand dust, shock and impact, that extreme temperature, low pressure and solar radiation. This phone is equipped with GPS and a walkie-talkie for the facility.
3. G’zOne Boulder rugged phone

Verizon G'zOne boulder is one phone that is tough and military certified to withstand water (in the water), dust, shocks and collisions, and others. Little brother is still above G'zOne Type-S. In addition to its market is relatively cool, armed with a camera phone I.3 mp (pretty good extreme mobile tuk), EV-DO Rev.A (can use smart brarti), PTT, and special facilities are access V cast.

2. Sonim XP1 rugged phone

Sonim Technologies manufacturer from Sweden is indeed no doubt. This phone is a military certified to withstand shock, water resistance (in the water), wind, dust, dirty (mud, etc.), and that extreme temperature. You could say this phone is very Extreme. The phone is boldly guaranteed 3 years by Sonim for outdoor use and a lifetime warranty for indoor or home!

1. Sonim XP3 rugged phone

This is the newest product for mobile phones Sonim 'very extreme'. This phone is basically a military 810F certified, resistant to salinity (salt level), extreme humidity (mist), extreme impact, temperature extremes, and obviously waterproof and dirty. Water resistance is at a depth of 1 meter for as long as 30 minutes.


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World's First Painting

- - Unknown


Chauvet Cave or Chauvet-Pont-d'Arc Cave is the name of a cave in southern France. In the cave there are several paintings that, so far, in a claim as the oldest paintings in the world, estimated at more than 32,000 years old. It is proved that at the time (ice age) humans are familiar with the art form is so simple though.





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